Federal Reserve Board releases results of the 2025 Survey of Consumer Finances, which provides the public and policymakers with detailed insights into the economic condition of American families
WASHINGTON — The Federal Reserve Board on Friday officially released the comprehensive results of the 2025 Survey of Consumer Finances, a landmark periodic study that provides the general public, researchers, and economic policymakers with detailed, granular insights into the financial condition, assets, and liabilities of American households.
The extensive data collected in the survey offer a representative, nationwide picture of what American families own, how and how much they borrow, and the various ways they interact with the banking and financial systems. Conducted every three years since 1989, the Survey of Consumer Finances has established an invaluable and continuous time series of thorough information, tracking the long-term economic evolution and financial resilience of households across the United States.
Alongside the raw survey data, the Board issued its highly anticipated summary report entitled Changes in U.S. Family Finances from 2022 to 2025. This accompanying document closely examines critical shifts in household income, net worth, accumulated assets, outstanding debt burdens, and overall financial vulnerability over the triennial period, giving economists a clear window into how families have navigated the economic landscape in recent years.
The data and the accompanying summary report serve as vital instruments for understanding the distribution of wealth and economic well-being in the country. By capturing detailed measures of both assets—such as real estate, retirement accounts, and business equity—and liabilities, including mortgages, student loans, and credit card balances, the survey allows analysts to evaluate the financial health of different demographic and economic segments of the population.
In addition to the summary report, the Federal Reserve has made a variety of interactive tools available to the public and analytical community. An interactive chartbook, designed to display changes in these core financial characteristics over time, has been published online to help users visualize complex economic trends. Furthermore, additional data from the survey, encompassing extensive metrics examining a wide array of other economic conditions affecting American families, has been made fully available to independent researchers, academics, and the broader public through the Federal Reserve’s official research portals.
The monumental task of conducting the survey is carried out for the Federal Reserve Board by NORC, a renowned social science research organization based at the University of Chicago. To ensure that the findings accurately reflect the diverse population of the United States, participants in the study are chosen at random from 119 carefully selected geographic areas. These areas span a diverse mix of major metropolitan areas and rural counties across the country, utilizing rigorous and scientific sampling procedures designed specifically to produce a sample that is fully representative of American families from all walks of life.
The publication of the 2025 survey results comes at a critical juncture for economic analysis, as policymakers continue to monitor household balance sheets in the wake of shifting macroeconomic conditions, interest rate environments, and labor market dynamics. The insights derived from the survey will undoubtedly inform policy discussions and academic research for years to come, shaping our understanding of the economic realities faced by households nationwide.
For members of the media seeking further information, press inquiries can be directed to the Federal Reserve Board via email at [email protected] or by calling the media relations office at (202) 452-2955.
Last Update: October 09, 2026
